Many
times we talk about the metabolism without really knowing what it is, as
something that if it breaks down makes us get fat or makes us sick. But do
we know what the metabolism is and how it really works?
The human being, like any other
living being, needs energy to be able to live, and maintain its vital
structures and functions.
The body derives its energy from
metabolism that is inside our cells. There are chemical reactions that
transform the nutrients of food into energy and this is what we call
metabolism.
The basal metabolism is the
energy that we need to maintain our vital functions.
How Does the Metabolism Work and How It Can Affect Our Muscle Mass?
When
we eat food, some molecules of the digestive system called enzymes break down
proteins into amino acids, fats into fatty acids and carbohydrates into simple
sugars such as glucose.
These
compounds are absorbed by the blood, which takes them to the cells where other
enzymes accelerate or regulate the chemical reactions necessary for them to be
metabolized, they are processed so that the energy is released or stored.
The
energy that the food provides is measured in calories. And when the amount
of calories ingested exceeds what we need for our daily activity, this excess
accumulates in the form of fat.
Depending on the final
result of the metabolic reactions, two different processes will occur:
Catabolism: Also called
destructive metabolism. It is the process by which complex substances and
or large molecules, such as carbohydrates, fats or proteins, are decomposed to
obtain energy. This process allows us to contract the muscles to move,
warm the body, as well as carry out the anabolic reactions. When we do not
have enough energy because we have not ingested the sufficient amount of
macronutrients, or because we have spent too much, there is a destruction of
muscle tissue.
Anabolism: Also called
constructive metabolism. This is the process by which simple molecules,
through the application of energy, are transformed into larger and more complex
molecules (proteins, carbohydrates and fats) and new cells that will contribute
to the maintenance of body tissues and creation of new fabrics, as well as the
creation of energy reserves to be used in the future. To the people who do
exercise, we want to encourage anabolism at all costs, because it is the
process that will allow us to create muscle mass or tissue, through nutrition
that allows us to do so.
There are many factors and
hormones involved in these processes, but there are a number of facilitators, which
I have explained below.
Anabolic Facilitators:
Food: We have to
give enough energy to the body so that it performs its functions
well. When I refer to energy, I do not mean just the number of
kcal. The origin of the same also matters, and much. In the case of
muscular construction, a sufficient supply of good quality protein is
essential. Proteins and amino acids are the pillars and bricks of our body
construction.
Energy
after Exercise: Once our energy reserves (muscle glycogen) have been
exhausted, after intense exercise, it will be necessary to refill them, to
prevent our body from taking our muscle mass as our energy source. Some
complex carbohydrate is indicated for this moment.
Good Fats: Fats
are necessary to maintain a good state of health. but be careful, not all
are the same. Fats such as extra virgin olive oil, avocado, nuts, coconut
oil, fats from blue fish, etc. Here I also want to mention the
amount. They are good but they have a lot of calories, so be careful with
the quantities.
Hydration: Our body is formed in
70% of water, so it is important to drink enough or eat foods that provide more
hydration. I am not going to enter the 2litres norm, because the
requirements of each person are different, but drink enough.
Rest: During the resting
hours the body regenerates itself. Try to sleep between 7 and 8
hours. You will notice the difference.
Catabolism Facilitators:
Excess
of Cardio: Cardivascular exercise allows us to gain resistance as
well as using lipids (fat) as an energy source, but it does not favor muscle
growth, moreover, it destroys it after a certain threshold.
High
intensity of exercise without sufficient reserves of glycogen: Glucogen is
obtained in the first instance of carbohydrates. If we do not have enough
reserves, the body to generate energy, will resort to muscle tissue. Be
careful with this, I do not want to say that we should eat extra carbohydrates
if we are not going to need them. We are talking about high intensity.
Stress: when we are
subjected to a lot of stress, the body generates a hormone called
cortisol. The high levels of cortisol maintained over time, favor muscle
catabolism and fat accumulation.
Overtraining: More is not
better. If we train and do not respect the processes of recovery and super
compensation, we run the risk of entering into overtraining. This causes
fatigue, poor performance, discomfort and even greater risk of
injury. Schedule your workouts according to your goals and respect the
times.
Conclusion
There is no
infallible and universal formula or method for the creation of muscle
mass. The key is to find the individual balance between the nutrients we
need, the type and intensity of exercise we perform, the emotional state in
which we find ourselves, the hours of rest and a good planning of the training.
0 Comments